What type of local anesthetic is commonly used for infiltration anesthesia?

Articaine is a commonly used local anesthetic for infiltration anesthesia due to its favorable pharmacological properties. It has a unique ester-amide structure that allows for both rapid onset and potent anesthesia, making it effective for various dental procedures. One of its hallmark features is its ability to diffuse well through tissues, which is particularly advantageous in infiltration techniques where the anesthetic needs to penetrate the surrounding tissues effectively.

Additionally, articaine has a lower pKa (approximately 7.4), which means it can exist in a greater proportion of its uncharged form at physiological pH, allowing for improved penetration into nerve membranes. The quick metabolism by plasma esterases also means that the risk of prolonged effects and systemic toxicity is reduced compared to some other agents. This blend of rapid action and efficiency in achieving anesthesia makes articaine a preferred choice for infiltration anesthesia in dental settings.